孔子家语辩政第十四原文拼音版 《孔kng子z家ji语y辩bin政zhng》 子z贡gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“昔x者zh齐q君jn问wn政zhng于y夫f子z,夫f子z曰yu:‘政zhng在zi节ji财ci。’鲁l君jn问wn政zhng于y夫f子z,夫f子z曰yu:‘政zhng在zi谕y臣chn。’叶y公gng问wn政zhng于y夫f子z,夫f子z曰yu:‘政zhng在zi悦yu近jn而r来li远yun。’三sn者zh之zh问wn一y也y,而r夫f子z应yng之zh不b同tng,然rn政zhng在zi异y端dun乎h?”孔kng子z曰yu:“各g因yn其q事sh也y。齐q君jn为wi国gu,奢sh乎h台ti榭xi,淫yn于y苑yun囿yu,五w官gun伎j乐l不b解ji于y时sh,一y旦dn而r赐c人rn以y千qin乘shng之zh家ji者zh三sn,故g曰yu:政zhng在zi节ji财ci。鲁l君jn有yu臣chn三sn人rn,内ni比b周zhu以y愚y其q君jn,外wi距j诸zh侯hu之zh宾bn以y蔽b其q明mng,故g曰yu:政zhng在zi谕y臣chn。夫f荆jng之zh地d广gung而r都du狭xi,民mn有yu离l心xn,莫m安n其q居j,故g曰yu:政zhng在zi悦yu近jn而r来li远yun。此c三sn者zh所su以y为wi政zhng殊sh矣y。《诗sh》云yn:‘丧sng乱lun蔑mi资z,曾cng不b惠hu我w师sh。’此c伤shng奢sh侈ch不b节ji以y为wi乱lun者zh也y。又yu曰yu:‘匪fi其q止zh共gng,惟wi王wng之zh卬ng。’此c伤shng奸jin臣chn蔽b主zh以y为wi乱lun者zh也y。又yu曰yu:‘乱lun离l瘼m矣y,奚x其q适sh归gu。’此c伤shng离l散sn以y为wi乱lun者zh也y。察ch此c三sn者zh,政zhng之zh所su欲y,岂q同tng乎h哉zi?” 孔kng子z曰yu:“忠zhng臣chn之zh谏jin君jn,有yu五w义y焉yn。一y曰yu谲ju谏jin,二r曰yu戆gng谏jin,三sn曰yu降jing谏jin,四s曰yu直zh谏jin,五w曰yu风fng谏jin。唯wi度d主zh而r行xng之zh,吾w从cng其q讽fng谏jin乎h。” 子z曰yu:“夫f道do不b可k不b贵gu也y。中zhng行hng文wn子z倍bi道do失sh义y以y亡wng其q国gu,而r能nng礼l贤xin以y活hu其q身圣shng人rn转zhun祸hu为wi福f,此c谓wi是sh与y。” 楚ch王wng将jing游yu荆jng台ti,司s马m子z祺q谏jin,王wng怒n之zh。令lng尹yn子z西x贺h于y殿din下xi,谏jin曰yu:“今jn荆jng台ti之zh观gun,不b可k失sh也y。”王wng喜x,拊f子zi西x之zh背bi曰yu:“与y子z共gng乐l之zh矣y。”子z西x步b马m十sh里l,引yn辔pi而r止zh曰yu:“臣chn愿yun言yn有yu道do,王wng肯kn听tng之zh乎h?”王wng曰yu:“子z其q言yn之zh。”子z西x曰yu:“臣chn闻wn为wi人rn臣chn而r忠zhng其q君jn者zh,爵ju禄l不b足z以y赏shng也y;谀y其q君jn者zh,刑xng罚f不b足z以y诛zh也y。夫f子z祺q者zh忠zhng臣chn也y,而r臣chn者zh谀y臣chn也y,愿yun主zh赏shng忠zhng而r诛zh谀y焉yn。”王wng曰yu:“今jn我w听tng司s马m之zh谏jin,是sh独d能nng禁jn我w耳r,若ru后hu世sh游yu之zh可k也y?”子z西x曰yu:“禁jn后hu世sh易y耳r。大d王wng万wn岁su之zh后hu,起q山shn陵lng于y荆jng台ti之zh上shng,则z子z孙sn必b不b忍rn游yu于y父f祖z之zh墓m以y为wi欢hun乐l也y。”王wng曰yu:“善shn。”乃ni还hun。孔kng子z闻wn之zh,曰yu:“至zh哉zi!子z西x之zh谏jin也y,入r之zh于y千qin里l之zh上shng,抑y之zh于y百bi世sh之zh后hu者zh也y。” 子z贡gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“夫f子z之zh于y子z产chn、晏yn子z,可k为wi至zh矣y。敢gn问wn二r大di夫f之zh所su为wi目m,夫f子z之zh所su以y与y之zh者zh。”孔kng子z曰yu:“夫f子z产chn于y民mn为wi惠hu主zh,于y学xu为wi博b物w。晏yn子z于y君jn为wi忠zhng臣chn,于y行xng为wi恭gng敏mn。故g吾w皆ji以y兄xing事sh之zh,而r加ji爱i敬jng。” 齐q有yu一y足z之zh鸟nio,飞fi习x于y公gng朝cho,下xi止zh于y殿din前qin,舒sh翅ch而r跳tio。齐q侯hu大d怪gui之zh,使sh使sh聘pn鲁l问wn孔kng子z。孔kng子z曰yu:“此c鸟nio名mng曰yu商shng羊yng,水shu祥xing也y。昔x童tng儿r有yu屈q其q一y脚jio,振zhn讯xn两ling眉mi而r跳tio且qi谣yo曰yu:‘天tin将jing大d雨y,商shng羊yng鼓g儛w。’今jn齐q有yu之zh,其q应yng至zh矣y。急j告go民mn趋q治zh沟gu渠q,修xi堤d防fng,将jing有yu大d水shu为wi灾zi。”顷qng之zh,大d霖ln雨y,水shu溢y泛fn诸zh国gu,伤shng害hi民mn人rn,唯wi齐q有yu备bi不b败bi。景jng公gng曰yu:“圣shng人rn之zh言yn,信xn而r有yu徵zhng矣y!” 孔kng子z谓wi宓m子zi贱jin曰yu:“子z治zh单dn父f,众zhng悦yu,子z何h施sh而r得d之zh也y?”子z语y丘qi所su以y为wi之zh者zh。对du曰yu:“不b齐q之zh治zh也y,父f恤x其q,子z其q子z,恤x诸zh孤g而r哀i丧sng纪j。”孔kng子z曰yu:“善shn,小xio节ji也y,小xio民mn附f矣y,犹yu未wi足z也y。”曰yu:“不b齐q所su父f事sh者zh三sn人rn,所su兄xing事sh者zh五w人rn,所su友yu事sh者zh十sh一y人rn。”孔kng子z曰yu:“父f事sh三sn人rn,可k谓wi教jio孝xio矣y;兄xing事sh五w人rn,可k以y教jio悌t矣y;友yu事sh十sh一y人rn,可k以y举j善shn矣y。中zhng节ji也y,中zhng人rn附f矣y;犹yu未wi足z也y。”曰yu:“此c地d民mn有yu贤xin于y不b齐q者zh五w人rn,不b齐q事sh之zh而r禀bng度d焉yn,皆ji教jio不b齐q之zh道do。”孔kng子z叹tn曰yu:“其q大d者zh乃ni于y此c乎h有yu矣y!昔x尧yo、舜shn听tng天tin下xi,务w求qi贤xin以y自z辅f。夫f贤xin者zh、百bi福f之zh宗zng也y,神shn明mng之zh主zh也y,惜x乎h不b齐q之zh所su以y治zh者zh小xio也y。” 子z贡gng为wi信xn阳yng宰zi,将jing行xng,辞c于y孔kng子z。孔kng子z曰yu:“勤qn之zh慎shn之zh,奉fng天tin子z之zh时sh,无w夺du无w伐f,无w暴bo无w盗do。”子z贡gng曰yu:“赐c也y,少sho而r事sh君jn子z,岂q以y盗do为wi累li哉zi?”孔kng子z曰yu:“汝r未wi之zh详xing也y。夫f以y贤xin代di贤xin,是sh谓wi之zh夺以y不b肖xio代di贤xin,是sh谓wi之zh伐f;缓hun令lng急j诛zh,是sh谓wi之zh暴取q善shn自z与y,是sh谓wi之zh盗do。盗do非fi窃qi财ci之zh谓wi也y。吾w闻wn之zh,知zh为wi吏l者zh,奉fng法f以y利l民不b知zh为wi吏l者zh,枉wng法f以y侵qn民mn,此c怨yun之zh所su由yu也y。治zh官gun莫m若ru平png,临ln财ci莫m如r廉lin。廉lin、平png之zh守shu,不b可k改gi也y。匿n人rn之zh善shn,斯s谓wi蔽b贤扬yng人rn之zh恶,斯s为wi小xio人rn。内ni不b相xing训xn,而r外wi相xing谤bng,非fi亲qn睦m也y。言yn人rn之zh善shn,若ru己j有yu之言yn人rn之zh恶,若ru己j受shu之故g君jn子z无w所su不b慎shn焉yn。” 子z路l治zh蒲p三sn年nin。孔kng子z过gu之zh,入r其q境jng,曰yu:“善shn哉zi由yu也y!恭gng敬jng以y信xn矣y。”入r其q邑y,曰yu:“善shn哉zi由yu也y!忠zhng信xn而r宽kun矣y。”至zh庭tng曰yu:“善shn哉zi由yu也y!明mng察ch以y断dun矣y。”子z贡gng执zh辔pi而r问wn曰yu:“夫f子z未wi见jin由yu之zh政zhng,而r三sn称chng其q善shn,其q善shn可k得d闻wn乎h?”孔kng子z曰yu:“吾w见jin其q政zhng矣y。入r其q境jng,田tin畴chu尽jn易y,草co莱li甚shn辟p,沟gu洫x深shn治zh,此c其q恭gng敬jng以y信xn,故g其q民mn尽jn力l也y。入r其q邑y,墙qing屋w完wn固g,树sh木m甚shn茂mo,此c其q忠zhng信xn以y宽kun,故g其q民mn不b偷tu也y。至zh其q庭tng,庭tng甚shn清qng闲xin,诸zh下xi用yng命mng,此c其q言yn明mng察ch以y断dun,故g其q政zhng不b扰ro也y。以y此c观gun之zh,虽su三sn称chng其q善shn,庸yng尽jn其q美mi矣y。”