孔子家语五仪解第七原文拼音版 《孔kng子z家ji语y五w仪y解ji》 哀i公gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“寡gu人rn欲y论ln鲁l国gu之zh士sh,与y之zh为wi治zh,敢gn问wn如r何h取q之zh?”孔kng子z对du曰yu:“生shng今jn之zh世sh,志zh古g之zh道居j今jn之zh俗s,服f古g之zh服f。舍sh此c而r为wi非fi者zh,不b亦y鲜xin乎h?” 曰yu:“然rn则z章zhng甫f絇q履l,绅shn带di搢jn笏h者zh,贤xin人rn也y。”孔kng子z曰yu:“不b必b然rn也y。丘qi之zh所su言yn,非fi此c之zh谓wi也y。夫f端dun衣y玄xun裳chng,冕min而r乘chng轩xun者zh,则z志zh不b在zi于y食sh焄斩zhn衰cu菅jin菲fi,杖zhng而r歠chu粥zhu者zh,则z志zh不b在zi酒ji肉ru。生shng今jn之zh世sh,志zh古g之zh道居j今jn之zh俗s,服f古g之zh服f,谓wi此c类li也y。” 公gng曰yu:“善shn哉zi!尽jn此c而r已y乎h?”孔kng子z曰yu:“人rn有yu五w仪y:有yu庸yng人rn,有yu士sh人rn,有yu君jn子z,有yu贤xin人rn,有yu圣shng人rn。审shn此c五w者zh,则z治zh道do毕b矣y。” 公gng曰yu:“敢gn问wn何h如r斯s谓wi之zh庸yng人rn?”孔kng子z曰yu:“所su谓wi庸yng人rn者zh,心xn不b存cn慎shn终zhng之zh规gu,口ku不b吐t训xn格g之zh言yn,不b择z贤xin以y托tu其q身shn,不b力l行xng以y自z定见jin小xio暗n大d,不b知zh所su务w;从cng物w如r流li,不b知zh其q所su执zh,此c则z庸yng人rn也y。” 公gng曰yu:“何h谓wi士sh人rn?”孔kng子z曰yu:“所su谓wi士sh人rn者zh,心xn有yu所su定dng,计j有yu所su守shu,虽su不b能nng尽jn道do术sh之zh本bn,必b有yu率l也y;虽su不b能nng备bi百bi善shn之zh美mi,必b有yu处ch也y。是sh故g知zh不b务w多du,必b审shn其q所su知言yn不b务w多du,必b审shn其q所su谓行xng不b务w多du,必b审shn其q所su由yu。知zh既j知zh之zh,言yn既j道do之zh,行xng既j由yu之zh,则z若ru性xng命mng之zh形xng骸hi之zh不b可k易y也y;富f贵gu不b足z以y益y,贫pn贱jin不b足z以y损sn,此c则z士sh人rn也y。” 公gng曰yu:“何h谓wi君jn子z?”孔kng子z曰yu:“所su谓wi君jn子z者zh,言yn必b忠zhng信xn,而r心xn不b怨仁rn义y在zi身shn,而r色s无w伐f;思s虑l通tng明mng,而r辞c不b专笃d行xng信xn道do,自z强qing不b息x,油yu然rn若ru将jing可k越yu,而r终zhng不b可k及j者zh,君jn子z也y。” 公gng曰yu:“何h谓wi贤xin人rn?”孔kng子z曰yu:“所su谓wi贤xin人rn者zh,德d不b逾y闲xin,行xng中zhng规gu绳shng,言yn足z以y法f于y天tin下xi,而r不b伤shng于y身道do足z以y化hu于y百bi姓xng,而r不b伤shng于y本富f则z天tin下xi无w宛wn财ci,施sh则z天tin下xi不b病bng贫pn,此c贤xin者zh也y。” 公gng曰yu:“何h谓wi圣shng人rn?”孔kng子z曰yu:“所su谓wi圣shng者zh,德d合h于y天tin地d,变bin通tng无w方fng,穷qing万wn事sh之zh终zhng始sh,协xi庶sh品pn之zh自z然rn,敷f其q大d道do,而r遂su成chng情qng性明mng竝bng日r月yu,化hu行xng若ru神shn,下xi民mn不b知zh其q德d,覩d者zh不b识sh其q邻ln,此c谓wi圣shng人rn也y。” 公gng曰yu:“善shn哉zi!非fi子z之zh贤xin,则z寡gu人rn不b得d闻wn此c言yn也y。虽su然rn,寡gu人rn生shng于y深shn宫gng之zh内ni,长chng于y妇f人rn之zh手shu,未wi尝chng知zh哀i,未wi尝chng知zh忧yu,未wi尝chng知zh劳lo,未wi尝chng知zh惧j,未wi尝chng知zh危wi,恐kng不b足z以y行xng五w仪y之zh教jio,若ru何h?”孔kng子z对du曰yu:“如r君jn之zh言yn,已y知zh之zh矣y,则z丘qi亦y无w所su闻wn焉yn。”公gng曰yu:“非fi吾w子z,寡gu人rn无w以y启q其q心xn,吾w子z言yn也y。”孔kng子z曰yu:“君jn入r庙mio如r右yu,登dng自z阼zu阶ji,仰yng视sh榱cu桷ju,俯f察ch机j筵yn,其q器q皆ji存cn,而r不b覩d其q人rn,君jn以y此c思s哀i,则z哀i可k知zh矣y;昧mi爽shung夙s兴xng,正zhng其q衣y冠gun,平png旦dn视sh朝cho,虑l其q危wi难nn,一y物w失sh理l,乱lun亡wng之zh端dun,君jn以y此c思s忧yu,则z忧yu可k知zh矣y;日r出ch听tng政zhng,至zh于y中zhng冥mng,诸zh侯hu子z孙sn,往wng来li为wi宾bn,行xng礼l揖y让rng,慎shn其q威wi仪y,君jn以y此c思s劳lo,则z劳lo亦y可k知zh矣y;缅min然rn长chng思s,出ch于y四s门mn,周zhu章zhng远yun视sh,覩d亡wng国gu之zh墟x;必b将jing有yu数sh焉yn,君jn以y此c思s惧j,则z惧j可k知zh矣y;夫f君jn者zh、舟zhu也y;庶sh人rn者zh、水shu也y。水shu所su以y载zi舟zhu,亦y所su以y覆f舟zhu,君jn以y此c思s危wi,则z危wi可k知zh矣y。君jn既j明mng此c五w者zh,又yu少sho留li意y于y五w仪y之zh事sh,则z于y政zhng治zh何h有yu失sh矣y!” 哀i公gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“请qng问wn取q人rn之zh法f。”孔kng子z对du曰yu:“事sh任rn于y官gun,无w取q捷ji捷ji,无w取q钳qin钳qin,无w取q啍zhn啍zhn。捷ji捷ji、贪tn也y;钳qin钳qin、乱lun也y;啍zhn啍zhn、诞dn也y。故g弓gng调dio而r后hu求qi劲jn焉yn,马m服f而r后hu求qi良ling焉yn,士sh必b悫qu而r后hu求qi智zh能nng者zh焉yn。不b悫qu而r多du能nng,譬p之zh豺chi狼lng不b可k迩r。” 哀i公gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“寡gu人rn欲y吾w国gu小xio而r能nng守shu,大d则z攻gng,其q道do如r何h?”孔kng子z对du曰yu:“使sh君jn朝cho廷tng有yu礼l,上shng下xi和h亲qn,天tin下xi百bi姓xng皆ji君jn之zh民mn,将jing谁shi攻gng之zh?苟gu违wi此c道do,民mn畔pn如r归gu,皆ji君jn之zh雠chu也y,将jing与y谁shi其q守shu?”公gng曰yu:“善shn哉zi!”于y是sh废fi山shn泽z之zh禁jn,弛ch关gun市sh之zh税shu,以y惠hu百bi姓xng。 哀i公gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“吾w闻wn君jn子z不b博b,有yu之zh乎h?”孔kng子z曰yu:“有yu之zh。”公gng曰yu:“何h为wi?”对du曰yu:“为wi其q有yu二r乘chng。”公gng曰yu:“有yu二r乘chng则z何h为wi不b博b?”子z曰yu:“为wi其q兼jin行xng恶道do也y。”哀i公gng惧j焉yn。有yu闲xin,复f问wn曰yu:“若ru是sh乎h、君jn子z之zh恶恶道do至zh甚shn也y。”孔kng子z曰yu:“君jn子z之zh恶恶道do不b甚shn,则z好ho善shn道do亦y不b甚shn。好ho善shn道do不b甚shn,则z百bi姓xng之zh亲qn上shng亦y不b甚shn。《诗sh》云yn:‘未wi见jin君jn子z,忧yu心xn惙chu,亦y既j见jin止zh,亦y既j觏gu止zh,我w心xn则z说shu。’《诗sh》之zh好ho善shn道do甚shn也y如r此c。”公gng曰yu:“美mi哉zi!夫f君jn子z成chng人rn之zh善shn,不b成chng人rn之zh恶,微wi吾w子z言yn焉yn,吾w弗f之zh闻wn也y!” 哀i公gng问wn于y孔kng子z曰yu:“夫f国gu家ji之zh存cn亡wng祸hu福f,信xn有yu天tin命mng,非fi唯wi人rn也y?”孔kng子z对du曰yu:“存cn亡wng祸hu福f,皆ji己j而r已y;天tin灾zi地d妖yo,不b能nng加ji也y。”公gng曰yu:“善shn!吾w子z言yn之zh,岂q有yu其q事sh乎h?”孔kng子z曰yu:“昔x者zh殷yn王wng帝d辛xn之zh世sh,有yu雀qu生shng大d鸟nio于y城chng隅y焉yn。占zhn之zh曰yu:‘凡fn以y小xio生shng大d,则z国gu家ji必b王wng而r名mng益y昌chng。’于y是sh帝d辛xn介ji雀qu之zh德d,不b修xi国gu政zhng,亢kng暴bo无w极j,朝cho臣chn莫m救ji,外wi寇ku乃ni至zh,殷yn国gu以y亡wng。此c即j以y己j逆n天tin时sh,诡gu福f反fn为wi祸hu者zh也y。又yu其q先xin世sh殷yn王wng太ti戊w之zh时sh,道do缺qu法f圮p,以y致zh妖yo蘖ni,桑sng谷g于y朝cho,七q日r大d拱gng。占zhn之zh者zh曰yu:‘桑sng谷g,野y木m而r不b合h生shng朝cho,意y者zh国gu亡wng乎h?’大d戊w恐kng骇hi,侧c身shn修xi行xng,思s先xin王wng之zh政zhng,明mng养yng民mn之zh道do。三sn年nin之zh后hu,远yun方fng慕m义y,重chng译y至zh者zh,十sh有yu六li国gu。此c即j以y己j逆n天tin时sh,得d祸hu为wi福f者zh。故g天tin灾zi地d妖yo所su以y儆jng人rn主zh者zh也y;寤w梦mng徵zhng怪gui所su以y儆jng人rn臣chn者zh也y。灾zi妖yo不b胜shng善shn政zhng,寤w梦mng不b胜shng善shn行xng。能nng知zh此c者zh,至zh治zh之zh极j。唯wi明mng王wng达d此c。”公gng曰yu:“寡gu人rn不b鄙b固g此c,亦y不b得d闻wn君jn子z之zh教jio也y。”