Lesson3MacroPolo学案

　　一、第三、第四课中重点单词及词组
　　词汇
　　相关提示1。amazevt。使惊愕（惊奇）2。confusevt。使困惑3。breakout（坏事）突然发生，爆发4。putintoprison关进监狱5。standby坚持（某种）说法6。quantityn。量，数量辨析surprise，astonish，shock与amaze的用法break构成的短语归纳学习和辨析辨析alargequantityof和quantitiesof的用法二、重难点词汇讲解：1。amazevt。使惊愕（惊奇）tobesurprised；toovercomewithwonderherchangesamazedmewhenisawhertwodayslater。amazingadj。令人惊奇的；amazedadj。感到惊奇的辨析surprise，astonish，shock与amazesurprise表示让人诧异，出乎意料，最常用，语气也最弱；astonish表示使大吃一惊，语气稍强；shock表示使震惊语气最强。amaze表示使惊奇，困惑，常含有惊叹佩服之意。如：herrefusalsurprisedusall。她的拒绝使我们都感到惊讶。yourknowledgeastonishedme。iwasshockedatthenewsofherdeath。听到她去世的消息我十分震惊。2。confusevt。使困惑tofailtoseethedifferencebetweenthepersonandtheperformance；tomistakeonethingforanotheriamconfusedbywhatyousaid。你说的话把我搞糊涂了。confusingadj。使人困惑的；confusedadj。困惑的；confusionn。困惑，糊涂。3。breakout（坏事）突然发生，爆发tohappensuddenly；toburstfightingbrokeoutbetweenthetwo。双方开始了交战。（1）表示发生，爆发之意的occurhappentakeplacebreakoutcomeabout都不能用于被动语态。（2）break的常见短语：breakup打碎，分裂，解体，驱散；breakdown损坏，出故障，拆毁，失败，崩溃；breakin突然打断；breakinto自行闯入，破门而入；breakoff中断，折断，突然停止，断交；breakout爆发，突然发生；breakthrough冲破，穿透，克服；breakawayfrom脱离；breakthelaw违法；breaktheice打破僵局辨析：breakout，happen与takeplacebreakout多表示战争、火灾、疾病、争吵等爆发。abigfirebrokeoutlastnightinthehotel。昨天夜里这家旅馆发生了一场大火。happen多指偶然发生，意外地发生。如：theaccidenthappenedoutsidemyhouse。事故就发生在我家房子的外面。takeplace多指有计划或事先安排好地发生，偶尔也指意外发生。如：whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace？运动会什么时候举行？4。putintoprison关进监狱5。standby坚持（某种）说法与stand有关的动词搭配：6。quantityn。量，数量amountornumber；howmuchthereisofsomethingthatyoucanquantifyyoumustdrinkalargequantityofwater。你必需喝大量的水。扩展：alargegreathugequantityof和quantitiesof都表示大量的，许多，在句中用作定语，既可修饰可数名词（复数），也可修饰不可数名词，一般只用于肯定句中。如：alargequantityofyoungpeoplearefansofthesupervoicegirls。largequantitiesofwastewaterflowintotheriverwithoutbeingdoneanythingwith。quantity表示数量；quality表示质量。如：withoutquantitytherecanbenoquality。没有数量也就没有质量。重难点句式讲解和分析：1。whywastheemperorimpressedbymarco？皇帝为什么对马可印象很深？impressvt。意为留下印象，使铭记，impress一般不用于进行时。常用结构为impresssb。bywithsth。给某人留下印象impresssth。onsb。使某人牢记某事makeanimpressiononsb。给某人留下印象。thegirlimpressedherfriendswithhersenseofhumour。themanagerwasgreatlyimpressedbyhistalent。theteacherimpressedonusthevalueofhonesty。thebeautifulsceneryheremadeadeepimpressiononhim。2。thewallswerecoveredingoldandsilverandthehallwassolargeitcouldeasilyseat6000peoplefordinner。墙用黄金和白银砌成，宫殿大到可以轻而易举地容纳6000人同时进餐。这是一个由and连续的并列复合句，在第二个分句中，solarge后面省略了that，（that）itcouldeasilyseat6000peoplefordinner是一个结果状语从句。sothat表示如此以致。拓展：sit为不及物动词，意为坐，坐下。如：theyseatedtheguestsofhonorfirst。他们先安排贵宾入座。iwasseatedatthebackoftheclassroom。我坐在教室的后面。isawsomevillagerssittingatthebackoftheclassroom。isawsomevillagersseatedatthebackoftheclassroom。我看到一些村子里的人坐在教室后面。3。however，marcowasluckyenoughtomeetanotherprisonerwhoenjoyedlisteningtohisstoriesaboutchina。然而，马可很幸运地遇到了另一个喜欢听他讲中国故事的囚徒。该句中的enough用作副词修饰形容词lucky。当enough修饰形容词或其他副词时，必须置于被修饰词之后，且常与不定式或for短语连用。如：hedidn’tworkhardenoughandfailedtheexamination。themanwasunfortunateenoughtolosehisnewcar。那人把新车丢了，真够倒霉的。thebirdwasluckyenoughtoescapebeingcaught。这只鸟很幸运，刚好没被逮住。拓展（1）enough也可用作形容词表示足够的，当修饰名词时，可置于名词之前，也可置于名词之后作定语。如：isthereenoughroomroomenoughforthreemoremen？wehaveenoughfoodfoodenoughforeveryone。（2）enough还可用作名词，意为足够、充分（的东西）。如：hecouldn’tearnenoughtokeepafamilyoffour。ihavesaidenoughtoexplainmyviews。4。althoughpeopleenjoyedreadinghisbook，manyofthemthoughtthatmarco’sstoriesaboutchinaweretoofantastictobetrue。虽然人们喜爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可的关于中国的故事太离奇，令人难以置信。tooto结构通常表示否定意义，意为太以致不能，太而没有。如：fatheristoobusytospendmuchtimewithme。theboxistooheavyforyoutolift。拓展：tooto结构常与notenoughto和sothatnot结构转换。如：thechildistooyoungtogotoschool。thechildisnotoldenoughtogotoschool。thechildissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool。辨析：当too后为gladpleasedreadywillingthankful。delighted等表示某种心情的形容词，或为goodkindtrue等描绘性形容词时，tooto结构表示肯定意思。如：thefilmisonlytoogoodtosee。这电影很好，值得看。theoldladyistookindtohelpothers。那位老太太心肠很好，乐于助人。【模拟试题】一。单词拼写1。itisknownthatsquirrelsoftenhidealargeqofnutsinsidetreesinautumn。2。iwasstillsleepingwhenthefirebout，andthenitspreadout。3。wewereabythenewsofgeorge’ssuddendeath，whowasonly35yearsold。4。myinkhasrout，canyousparemesome？5。mycomputersystembdownsuddenlywheniwassurfingthenet。6。notlongafterhisr，alocalwarbrokeoutnearhishometown。7。butmarcoalwayssbyhistales。8。latertheserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedpasttheantarcticwascoveredbyplants。9。ourhometownisltobeijingbythejingjiurailway。10。wehavejusteastormonthewayhome。二。综合阅读anewlydiscoveredancientchinesemapmayprovethatitwasachinesenavigator（航海家）whofirstdiscoveredamerica。hemayhavemadethediscoveryseventyyearsbeforecolumbusdiscoveredthenewworld。themap，whichhasgoneondisplayinbeijing，issaidtobeacopymadein1763ofamucholdermapdatingbackto1418。itclearlydescribesafrica，europeandtheamericas。ifitsproventobebelievable，themapwouldprovidestrongevidencetosuggestthatthefamousmingdynastysailor，zhenghe，beatchristophercolumbus，whoarrivedinamericain1492，tothediscoveryofthenewworld。liugang，achineselawyerandmapcollector，boughtthemapinanantique（古董的）storeinshanghaiinXXforabout500u。s。dollars。liugangthinksthemapsupportsthethesisofbritishauthor，gavinmenzies，whoinhisXXbookarguedzhenghewasthefirstpersontocircumnavigate（环航）theglobeanddiscoveramericasometimebetween1421and1423。inprinciple，thebritishauthorgavinisright。beforecolumbus，zhenghediscoveredamericaandthewholeworld。butindetail，notexactly。。。threeyearsdifference。idontthinkthatsabigdeal。liusaid。zhenghecommandedagroupofships，whichsailedbetween1405and1433attheorderoftheemperorduringchinasmingdynasty。hisaimwastospreadthegloryofchinatotheworldandestablishtrade。1。welearnfromparagraph1that。a。thewriterwasproudofaancientmapb。boththechinesenavigatorandcolumbuswereheroesc。theancientmapmadebyachinesenavigatorwasjustfoundd。thechinesenavigatormaybethefirstmanwhodiscoveredamerica2。whichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheancientmap？a。theancientmapondisplayinbeijingissaidtobemadein1418。b。theancientmap，whichissaidtobemadein1763，isondisplayinbeijing。c。theancientmapwasboughtbyliugang，achinesenavigatorinXX。d。theancientmapwasintroducedtobelistedingavinbookbyliugangtosupporthisidea。3。whatdoesthebritishauthorinhisbooktrytoargueinthepassage？a。thefirstpersonwhodiscoveredamericamaybezhenghe。b。thefirstpersontocircumnavigatetheglobeisnotworthdiscussing。c。theyearwhenzhenghediscoveredamericamaybebetween1421and1423。d。theyearwhenchristophercolumbusdiscoveredamericawasaheadof1423。4。whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？a。ancientmapandliugang。b。zhenghe，liugangandbritishauthor。c。zhenghespreadsthegloryofchinatotheworld。d。ancientmapsuggestschinesediscoveredamerica。
　　试题答案一。单词拼写1。quantity2。broke3。amazed4。run5。broke6。return7。stood8。distant9。linked10。experienced二。综合阅读1。d。a、b项不是第一段可以得出的判断；c项事实错误；第一句已明确告诉d项正确。2。b。根据第二段第一句可以判断：现在在北京的展品是1763年复制古时（1418年）的仿制品。3。a。根据第三段中zhenghewasthefirstpersontocircumnavigate（环航）theglobeanddiscoveramericasometimebetween1421and1423。可判断。4。d。根据全文可以判断。a、c项是细节，不可作为标题；b项太过笼统，不够明确。