一、人称代词
1.人称代词指代人或物，分为主格和宾格。主格在句中充当主语；宾格在句中充当动词的宾语或表语、介词的宾语。
2.人称代词的顺序
当多个人称代词并用时，单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先。如：
You, he and I are 18./ We, you and they are from China.
3.it的用法
（1）it除了用来代替上文所提到的事物外，还可用来表示时间、天气、距离、季节等。如：-Hows the weather today?
-Its sunny.
（2）可代替动词不定式作句中的形式主语或形式宾语。Its + adj./n. (for sb./ of sb.) + to do sth. (it作形式主语)；sb. find(s)/think(s) it + adj.+ to do sth. (it作形式宾语)。如：
Its necessary for us to learn English well.
She found it difficult to learn geography.
二、物主代词
物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
1.形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词，不能单独使用。如：This is her dictionary.
2.名词性物主代词相当于"形容词性物主代词+名词"，句中作主语、宾语、表语，可与of所有格连用。如：This dictionary is hers./She is a friend of mine.
三、反身代词
反身代词表示"某人自己的"。句中可用作动词或介词的宾语，也可用作主语或宾语的同位语，表示强调。反身代词的构成规律是：第一、二人称的反身代词是形容词性物主代词+self/selves；第三人称的反身代词是人称代词宾格+self/selves。
2.反身代词的某些固定搭配：
（1）by oneself 独自
（2）enjoy oneself 过得愉快
（3）help yourself/yourselves to sth. 随便吃
（4）dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
（5）believe in oneself 相信自己
（6）talk/say to oneself 自言自语/心里想
（7）look after oneself 照顾自己
（8）hurt oneself 受伤
（9）leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下
（10）teach oneself/learn by oneself 自学
四、指示代词
1.常用的指示代词有this，that，these和those。
this和these指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人。that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人。如：This is a pen and that is a pencil./ We are busy these days./In those days the workers had a hard time.
2.有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物；this 和these则是指后面将要讲到的事物。如：I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come.
3.有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替前面提到的名词。如：The population of China is larger than that of Australia./The apples on this tree are bigger than those on that tree. 4.this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如：Hello! This is Mary speaking./Is that Jack speaking?
五、疑问代词
疑问代词有who, whom, whose, what和which。疑问代词引导的问句为特殊疑问句，位于句首。
注意：who通常对表示人的主语、宾语、表语提问，whom对表示人的宾语提问。
六、练习
(一）根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空，使句子意思完整。
1．_____(his)teaches us geography this term.
2.Lets go and tell_____(our) about it.
3.Did they enjoy_____(their）in Beijing last week?
4.Are_____(this)your parents?
5.This classroom is _____(they).
6.She hasnt brought_____(she) textbook with her yet.
7.The bird has hurt_____(it) left leg.
8.--Whose tapes are those?
--They are_____(I).
9.--What a lovely card! Where did you buy it?
--I made it by_____(me).
10."Help_____（you）to some chicken ,"Tom and Henry.
（二）句子翻译。
1.你最新哪一个学科？
2.这些蜡笔是谁的？
3.她正在学校门口等谁？
4.海南的天气比大连的天气热。
5.我能照顾我自己，尽管它对我来说不容易。
6.我们的教室比他们的大多了。
7.南京今天天气怎么样？多云。
8.每天拼写和大声朗读生词是个好主意。
9.这条连衣裙不是她的。
10.相信我们自己很重要。
*练习参考答案
(一）1.He 2.her 3.themselves 4.these 5.theirs 6.her 7.its 8.mine 9.myself 10.yourselves
（二）1.Which subject do you like best?
2.Whose crayons are these?/Whose are these crayons?
3.Whom/Who is she waiting for at the school gate?
4.The weather in Hainan is hotter than that in Dalian.
5.I can look after/take care of myself although its not easy for me.
6.Our classroom is much bigger than theirs.
7.Whats the weather like in Nanjing today?/How is the weather in Nanjing today? Its cloudy.
8.Its a good idea to spell and pronounce new words aloud every day.
9.This dress isnt hers.
10.Its important to believe in ourselves.
