一、使用脚本初始化环境 脚本如下:(标红处修改对应的配置需求) !binbash 1。配置主机名etchosts并关闭防火墙及selinux echo172。168。0。xxlinux。tketchosts 注意修改为服务器的ip和主机名 systemctlstopfirewalld systemctldisablefirewalld setenforce0 sedisSELINUXenforcingSELINUXdisabledgetcselinuxconfig 2。安装相关软件包 yumyinstalltelnetvimlszrzgccmakebinutilsgccccompatlibstdc33elfutilslibelfdevel elfutilslibelfdevelstatickshlibaiolibaiodevelnumactldevelsysstat unixODBCunixODBCdevelpcredevelwgetunzip 3。配置内核参数 echofs。aiomaxnr1048576etcsysctl。conf echofs。filemax6815744etcsysctl。conf echokernel。shmmni4096etcsysctl。conf echokernel。sem25032000100128etcsysctl。conf echonet。ipv4。iplocalportrange900065500etcsysctl。conf echonet。core。rmemdefault262144etcsysctl。conf echonet。core。rmemmax4194304etcsysctl。conf echonet。core。wmemdefault262144etcsysctl。conf echonet。core。wmemmax1048576etcsysctl。conf sysctlp 4。oracle用户资源限制 echooraclesoftnproc2047etcsecuritylimits。conf echooraclehardnproc16384etcsecuritylimits。conf echooraclesoftnofile4096etcsecuritylimits。conf echooraclehardnofile65536etcsecuritylimits。conf 5。登录配置 echosessionrequiredlib64securitypamlimits。soetcpam。dlogin echosessionrequiredpamlimits。soetcpam。dlogin 改授权 echoif〔USERoracle〕;thenetcprofile echoif〔SHELLbinksh〕;thenetcprofile echoulimitp16384etcprofile echoulimitn65536etcprofile echoelseetcprofile echoulimitu16384n65536etcprofile echofietcprofile echofietcprofile sourceetcprofile 6。创建用户组和用户 groupaddoinstall groupadddba groupaddoper useraddgoinstallGdba,operoracle echooraclepasswdstdinoracle 7。创建相关目录 mkdirpu01apporacle mkdirpu01apporaInventory chownRoracle:oinstallu01app 8。配置oracle用户环境变量 echoORACLESIDora;exportORACLESIDhomeoracle。bashprofile sid指定为现场的sid echoORACLEBASEu01apporacle;exportORACLEBASEhomeoracle。bashprofile echoORACLEHOMEORACLEBASEproduct11。2。0dbhome1;exportORACLEHOMEhomeoracle。bashprofile echoORACLEPATHu01appcommonoraclesql;exportORACLEPATHhomeoracle。bashprofile echoORACLETERMxterm;exportORACLETERMhomeoracle。bashprofile echoTNSADMINORACLEHOMEnetworkadmin;exportTNSADMINhomeoracle。bashprofile echoORANLS11ORACLEHOMEnlsdata;exportORANLS11homeoracle。bashprofile echoPATH。:{JAVAHOME}bin:{PATH}:ORACLEHOMEbinhomeoracle。bashprofile echoPATH{PATH}:usrbin:bin:usrbinX11:usrlocalbinhomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportPATHhomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportNLSLANGAMERICANAMERICA。ZHS16GBKhomeoracle。bashprofile echoLDLIBRARYPATHORACLEHOMElibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoLDLIBRARYPATH{LDLIBRARYPATH}:ORACLEHOMEoracmlibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoLDLIBRARYPATH{LDLIBRARYPATH}:lib:usrlib:usrlocallibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportLDLIBRARYPATHhomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportLANGenUS。UTF8homeoracle。bashprofile echoexportNLSLANGAMERICANAMERICA。ZHS16GBKhomeoracle。bashprofile echoCLASSPATHORACLEHOMEJREhomeoracle。bashprofile echoCLASSPATH{CLASSPATH}:ORACLEHOMEjlibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoCLASSPATH{CLASSPATH}:ORACLEHOMErdbmsjlibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoCLASSPATH{CLASSPATH}:ORACLEHOMEnetworkjlibhomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportCLASSPATHhomeoracle。bashprofile echoTHREADSFLAGnative;exportTHREADSFLAGhomeoracle。bashprofile echonlsdateformatyyyymmddhh24:mi:sshomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportnlsdateformathomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportTEMPtmphomeoracle。bashprofile echoexportTMPDIRtmphomeoracle。bashprofile echoumask022homeoracle。bashprofile source。bashprofile 二、上传或者下载oracle安装包并解压,例如放置在opt目录下 unzipp13390677112040Linuxx86641of7。zip unzipp13390677112040Linuxx86642of7。zip 直接在目录解压,会在当前目录中生成database目录 三、修改应答文件安装数据库软件 修改前建议先备份下 cpoptdatabaseresponse。rspoptdatabaserspbak 3。1、生成修改响应文件(optdatabaseresponsedbinstall。rsp) 备注:清空源文件,复制粘贴如下内容(标红处需要修改对应的设置需求): oracle。install。responseFileVersionoracleinstallrspfmtdbinstallresponseschemav1120 oracle。install。optionINSTALLDBSWONLY ORACLEHOSTNAMElinux。tk UNIXGROUPNAMEoinstall INVENTORYLOCATIONu01apporaInventory SELECTEDLANGUAGESen,zhCN ORACLEHOMEu01apporacleproduct11。2。0dbhome1 ORACLEBASEu01apporacle oracle。install。db。InstallEditionEE oracle。install。db。EEOptionsSelectionfalse oracle。install。db。optionalComponentsoracle。rdbms。partitioning:11。2。0。4。0,oracle。oraolap:11。2。0。4。0,oracle。rdbms。dm:10。2。0。4。0,oracle。rdbms。lbac:11。2。0。4。0,oracle。rdbms。rat:11。2。0。4。0 oracle。install。db。DBAGROUPdba oracle。install。db。OPERGROUPoper DECLINESECURITYUPDATEStrue oracle。installer。autoupdates。optionSKIPUPDATES 3。2、开始安装 1)、用oracle用户登录操作 suoracle cdoptdatabase 。runInstallersilentresponseFileoptdatabaseresponsedbinstall。rsp 2)、在安装过程中可以新开会话,使用tailf命令查看进度 tailfu01apporaInventorylogsinstallActions2022XXXX032806PM。log 提示安装结束,需要在root用户执行两个脚本,如下: u01apporaInventoryorainstRoot。sh u01apporacleproduct11。2。0dbhome1root。sh 四、修改应答文件安装数据库实例(optdatabaseresponsedbca。rsp) 安装实例前,需要新建一个实例存放的目录(homeOracleData),如下: mkdirhomeOracleData chownRoracle:oinstallhomeOracleData 4。1、修改应答文件 〔GENERAL〕 RESPONSEFILEVERSION11。2。0 OPERATIONTYPEcreateDatabase 〔CREATEDATABASE〕 GDBNAMEora SIDora TEMPLATENAMEGeneralPurpose。dbc SYSPASSWORD012 SYSTEMPASSWORD012 DATAFILEDESTINATIONhomeOracleData RECOVERYAREADESTINATIONu01apporacleflashrecoveryarea CHARACTERSETZHS16GBK TOTALMEMORY2048 4。2、建实例,登录oracle用户 suoracle dbcasilentresponseFileoptdatabaseresponsedbca。rsp 此安装过程是有进度显示,不用tailf查看,不过也可以查看对应的log日志查看进度 4。3、删除实例 编辑应答文件 vimoptdatabaseresponsedeldbca。rsp 〔GENERAL〕 RESPONSEFILEVERSION11。2。0 OPERATIONTYPEdeleteDatabase 〔DELETEDATABASE〕 SOURCEDBora dbcasilentresponseFiledeldbca。rsp 五、启动监听,配置自启动等 5。1、启动监听 suoracle lsnrctlstart 查看状态lsnrctlstatus netstattnulpgrep1521 psefgreporagrepvgrep 5。2、设置自启动 修改vimetcoratab如下 ora:u01apporacleproduct11。2。0dbhome1:Y 5。3、修改dbstart文件 vimu01apporacleproduct11。2。0dbhome1bindbstart 将ORACLEHOMELISTNER1 修改为ORACLEHOMELISTNERORACLEHOME 5。4、将dbstart加入开机自启动,etcrc。drc。local中增加 suoraclelcu01apporacleproduct11。2。0dbhome1bindbstart 赋权限chmodxetcrc。drc。local 5。3、登录数据库设置权限等 sqlplusassysdba startup; altersystemregister; createuseroraidentifiedby012; grantdbatoora; exit 六、远程连接数据库 6。1、开放1521端口 firewallcmdzonepublicaddport1521tcppermanent firewallcmdreload firewallcmdlistports