文心雕龙史传全文注音版 《史sh传chun》 开ki辟p草co昧mi,岁su纪j绵min邈mio,居j今jn识sh古g,其q载zi籍j乎h?轩xun辕yun之zh世sh,史sh有yu苍cng颉xi,主zh文wn之zh职zh,其q来li久ji矣y。《曲q礼l》曰yu“史sh载zi笔b。”史sh者zh,使sh也y。执zh笔b左zu右yu,使sh之zh记j也y。古g者zh左zu史sh记j事sh者zh,右yu史sh记j言yn者zh。言yn经jng则z《尚shng书sh》,事sh经jng则z《春chn秋qi》也y。唐tng虞y流li于y典din谟m,商shng夏xi被bi于y诰go誓sh。洎j周zhu命mng维wi新xn,姬j公gng定dng法f,三sn正zhng以y班bn历l,贯gun四s时sh以y联lin事sh。诸zh侯hu建jin邦bng,各g有yu国gu史sh,彰zhng善shn瘅dn恶,树sh之zh风fng声shng。自z平png王wng微wi弱ru,政zhng不b及j雅y,宪xin章zhng散sn紊wn,彝y伦ln攸yu斁d。 昔x者zh夫f子z闵mn王wng道do之zh缺qu,伤shng斯s文wn之zh坠zhu,静jng居j以y叹tn凤fng,临ln衢q而r泣q麟ln,于y是sh就ji太ti师sh以y正zhng《雅y》、《颂sng》,因yn鲁l史sh以y修xi《春chn秋qi》。举j得d失sh以y表bio黜ch陟zh,征zhng存cn亡wng以y标bio劝qun戒褒bo见jin一y字z,贵gu逾y轩xun冕贬bin在zi片pin言yn,诛zh深shn斧f钺yu。然rn睿ru旨zh幽yu隐yn,经jng文wn婉wn约yu,丘qi明mng同tng时sh,实sh得de微wi言yn。乃ni原yun始sh要yo终zhng,创chung为wi传chun体t。传chun者zh,转zhun也y;转zhun受shu经jng旨zh,以y授shu于y后hu,实sh圣shng文wn之zh羽y翮h,记j籍j之zh冠gun冕min也y。 及j至zh纵zng横hng之zh世sh,史sh职zh犹yu存cn。秦qn并bng七q王wng,而r战zhn国gu有yu策c。盖gi录l而r弗f叙x,故g即j简jin而r为wi名mng也y。汉hn灭mi嬴yng项xing,武w功gng积j年nin。陆l贾ji稽j古g,作zu《楚ch汉hn春chn秋qi》。爰yun及j太ti史sh谈tn,世sh惟wi执zh简jin,子z长chng继j志zh,甄zhn序x帝d勣j。比b尧yo称chng典din,则z位wi杂z中zhng贤法f孔kng题t经jng,则z文wn非fi玄xun圣shng。故g取q式sh《吕l览ln》,通tng号ho曰yu纪j。纪j纲gng之zh号ho,亦y宏hng称chng也y。故g《本bn纪j》以y述sh皇hung王wng,《列li传zhun》以y总zng侯hu伯b,《八b书sh》以y铺p政zhng体t,《十sh表bio》以y谱p年nin爵ju,虽su殊sh古g式sh,而r得d事sh序x焉yn。尔r其q实sh录l无w隐yn之zh旨zh,博b雅y弘hng辩bin之zh才ci,爱i奇q反fn经jng之zh尤yu,条tio例l踳chun落lu之zh失sh,叔sh皮p论ln之zh详xing矣y。 及j班bn固g述sh汉hn,因yn循xn前qin业y,观gun司s马m迁qin之zh辞c,思s实sh过gu半bn。其q《十sh志zh》该gi富f,赞zn序x弘hng丽l,儒r雅y彬bn彬bn,信xn有yu遗y味wi。至zh于y宗zng经jng矩j圣shng之zh典din,端dun绪x丰fng赡shn之zh功gng,遗y亲qn攘rng美mi之zh罪zu,征zhng贿hu鬻y笔b之zh愆qin,公gng理l辨bin之zh究ji矣y。观gun夫f左zu氏sh缀zhu事sh,附f经jng间jin出ch,于y文wn为wi约yu,而r氏sh族z难nn明mng。及j史sh迁qin各g传zhun,人rn始sh区q详xing而r易y览ln,述sh者zh宗zng焉yn。及j孝xio惠hu委wi机j,吕l后hu摄sh政zhng,班bn史sh立l纪j,违wi经jng失sh实sh,何h则z?庖po牺x以y来li,未wi闻wn女n帝d者zh也y。汉hn运yn所su值zh,难nn为wi后hu法f。牝pn鸡j无w晨chn,武w王wng首shu誓妇f无w与y国gu,齐q桓hun著zh盟宣xun后hu乱lun秦qn,吕l氏sh危wi汉hn:岂q唯wi政zhng事sh难nn假ji,亦y名mng号ho宜y慎shn矣y。张zhng衡hng司s史sh,而r惑hu同tng迁qin固g,元yun平png二r后hu,欲y为wi立l纪j,谬mi亦y甚shn矣y。寻xn子zi弘hng虽su伪wi,要yo当dng孝xio惠hu之zh嗣s;孺r子z诚chng微wi,实sh继j平png帝d之zh体t;二r子z可k纪j,何h有yu于y二r后hu哉zi? 至zh于y《后hu汉hn》纪j传zhun,发f源yun《东dng观gun》。袁yun张zhng所su制zh,偏pin驳b不b伦薛xu谢xi之zh作zu,疏sh谬mi少sho信xn。若ru司s马m彪bio之zh详xing实sh,华hu峤qio之zh准zhn当dng,则z其q冠gun也y。及j魏wi代di三sn雄xing,记j传chun互h出ch。《阳yng秋qi》、《魏wi略l》之zh属sh,《江jing表bio》、《吴w录l》之zh类li。或hu激j抗kng难nn征zhng,或hu疏sh阔ku寡gu要yo。唯wi陈chn寿shu《三sn志zh》,文wn质zh辨bin洽qi,荀xn张zhng比b之zh于y迁qin固g,非fi妄wng誉y也y。 至zh于y晋jn代di之zh书sh,系x乎h著zh作zu。陆l机j肇zho始sh而r未wi备bi,王wng韶sho续x末m而r不b终zhng,干gn宝bo述sh《纪j》,以y审shn正zhng得de序x;孙sn盛shng《阳yng秋qi》,以y约yu举j为wi能nng。按n《春chn秋qi经jng传zhun》,举j例l发f凡自z《史sh》、《汉hn》以y下xi,莫m有yu准zhn的de。至zh邓dng粲cn《晋jn纪j》,始sh立l条tio例l。又yu摆bi落lu汉hn魏wi,宪xin章zhng殷yn周zhu,虽su湘xing川chun曲q学xu,亦y有yu心xn典din谟m。及j安n国gu立l例l,乃ni邓dng氏sh之zh规gu焉yn。 原yun夫f载zi籍j之zh作zu也y,必b贯gun乎h百bi氏sh,被bi之zh千qin载zi,表bio征zhng盛shng衰shui,殷yn鉴jin兴xng废fi,使sh一y代di之zh制zh,共gng日r月yu而r长chng存cn,王wng霸b之zh迹j,并bng天tin地d而r久ji大d。是sh以y在zi汉hn之zh初ch,史sh职zh为wi盛shng。郡jn国gu文wn计j,先xin集j太ti史sh之zh府f,欲y其q详xing悉x于y体t国gu也y。阅yu石sh室sh,启q金jn匮ku,裂li帛b,检jin残cn竹zh,欲y其q博b练lin于y稽j古g也y。是sh立l义y选xun言yn,宜y依y经jng以y树sh则z;劝qun戒ji与y夺du,必b附f圣shng以y居j宗zng。然rn后hu诠qun评png昭zho整zhng,苛k滥ln不b作zu矣y。 然rn纪j传chun为wi式sh,编bin年nin缀zhu事sh,文wn非fi泛fn论ln,按n实sh而r书sh。岁su远yun则z同tng异y难nn密m,事sh积j则z起q讫q易y疏sh,斯s固g总zng会hu之zh为wi难nn也y。或hu有yu同tng归gu一y事sh,而r数sh人rn分fn功gng,两ling记j则z失sh于y复f重zhng,偏pin举j则z病bng于y不b周zhu,此c又yu铨qun配pi之zh未wi易y也y。故g张zhng衡hng摘zhi史sh班bn之zh舛chun滥ln,傅f玄xun讥j《后hu汉hn》之zh尤yu烦fn,皆ji此c类li也y。 若ru夫f追zhu述sh远yun代di,代di远yun多du伪wi。公gng羊yng高go云yn“传chun闻wn异y辞c”,荀xn况kung称chng“录l远yun详xing近jn”,盖gi文wn疑y则z阙qu,贵gu信xn史sh也y。然rn俗s皆ji爱i奇q,莫m顾g实sh理l。传chun闻wn而r欲y伟wi其q事sh,录l远yun而r欲y详xing其q迹j。于y是sh弃q同tng即j异y,穿chun凿zo傍bng说shu,旧ji史sh所su无w,我w书sh则z传zhun。此c讹滥ln之zh本bn源yun,而r述sh远yun之zh巨j蠹d也y。至zh于y记j编bin同tng时sh,时sh同tng多du诡gu,虽su定dng、哀i微wi辞c,而r世sh情qng利l害hi。勋xn荣rng之zh家ji,虽su庸yng夫f而r尽jn饰迍zhn败bi之zh士sh,虽su令lng德d而r嗤ch埋mi,吹chu霜shung煦x露l,寒hn暑sh笔b端dun,此c又yu同tng时sh之zh枉wng,可k为wi叹tn息x者zh也y!故g述sh远yun则z诬w矫jio如r彼b,记j近jn则z回hu邪xi如r此c,析x理l居j正zhng,唯wi素s心xn乎h! 若ru乃ni尊zn贤xin隐yn讳hu,固g尼n父f之zh圣shng旨zh,盖gi纤xin瑕xi不b能nng玷din瑾jn瑜y也y;奸jin慝t惩chng戒ji,实sh良ling史sh之zh直zh笔b,农nng夫f见jin莠yu,其q必b锄ch也y:若ru斯s之zh科k,亦y万wn代di一y准zhn焉yn。至zh于y寻xn繁fn领lng杂z之zh术sh,务w信xn弃q奇q之zh要yo,明mng白bi头tu讫q之zh序x,品pn酌zhu事sh例l之zh条tio,晓xio其q大d纲gng,则z众zhng理l可k贯gun。然rn史sh之zh为wi任rn,乃ni弥m纶ln一y代di,负f海hi内ni之zh责z,而r赢yng是sh非fi之zh尤yu。秉bng笔b荷h担dn,莫m此c之zh劳lo。迁qin、固g通tng矣y,而r历l诋d后hu世sh。若ru任rn情qng失sh正zhng,文wn其q殆di哉zi! 赞zn曰yu 史sh肇zho轩xun黄hung,体t备bi周zhu孔kng。世sh历l斯s编bin,善shn恶偕xi总zng。 腾tng褒bo裁ci贬bin,万wn古g魂hn动dng。辞c宗zng邱qi明mng,直zh归gu南nn董dng。 文心雕龙史传全文拼音版 《shzhun》 《史传》 kipcomi,sujminmio,jjnshg,qzijh?xunyunzhsh,shyucngxi,zhwnzhzh,qlijiy。《ql》yu“shzib。”shzh,shy。zhbzuyu,shzhjy。gzhzushjshzh,yushjynzh。ynjngz《shngsh》,shjngz《chnqi》y。tngyliydinm,shngxibiygosh。jzhumngwixn,jgngdngf,snzhngybnl,gunsshylinsh。zhhujinbng,gyugush,zhngshndn,shzhfngshng。zpngwngwiru,zhngbjy,xinzhngsnwn,ylnyud。 开辟草昧,岁纪绵邈,居今识古,其载籍乎?轩辕之世,史有苍颉,主文之职,其来久矣。《曲礼》曰“史载笔。”史者,使也。执笔左右,使之记也。古者左史记事者,右史记言者。言经则《尚书》,事经则《春秋》也。唐虞流于典谟,商夏被于诰誓。洎周命维新,姬公定法,三正以班历,贯四时以联事。诸侯建邦,各有国史,彰善瘅恶,树之风声。自平王微弱,政不及雅,宪章散紊,彝伦攸斁。 xzhfzmnwngdozhqu,shngswnzhzhu,jngjytnfng,lnqrqln,yshjitishyzhng《y》、《sng》,ynlshyxi《chnqi》。jdshybiochzh,bojinyz,binzipinyn,zhshnfyu。rnruzhyuyn,jngwnwnyu,qimngtngsh,shdewiyn。niyunshyozhng,chungwichunt。chunzh,zhunshujngzh,yshuyhu,shshngwnzhyh,jjzhgunminy。 昔者夫子闵王道之缺,伤斯文之坠,静居以叹凤,临衢而泣麟,于是就太师以正《雅》、《颂》,因鲁史以修《春秋》。举得失以表黜陟,征存亡以标劝戒;褒见一字,贵逾轩冕;贬在片言,诛深斧钺。然睿旨幽隐,经文婉约,丘明同时,实得微言。乃原始要终,创为传体。传者,转也;转受经旨,以授于后,实圣文之羽翮,记籍之冠冕也。 jzhznghngzhsh,shzhyucn。qnbngqwng,rzhnguyuc。gilrfx,gjjinrwimngy。hnmiyngxing,wgngjnin。ljijg,zu《chhnchnqi》。yunjtishtn,shwizhjin,zchngjzh,zhnxdj。byochngdin,fkngtjng,zwnfixunshng。gqsh《lln》,tnghoyuj。jgngzhho,yhngchngy。g《bnj》yshhungwng,《lizhun》yznghub,《bsh》ypzhngt,《shbio》ypninju,sushgsh,rdshxyn。rqshlwynzhzh,byhngbinzhci,iqfnjngzhyu,tiolchunluzhsh,shplnzhxingy。 及至纵横之世,史职犹存。秦并七王,而战国有策。盖录而弗叙,故即简而为名也。汉灭嬴项,武功积年。陆贾稽古,作《楚汉春秋》。爰及太史谈,世惟执简,子长继志,甄序帝勣。比尧称典,则位杂中贤;法孔题经,则文非玄圣。故取式《吕览》,通号曰纪。纪纲之号,亦宏称也。故《本纪》以述皇王,《列传》以总侯伯,《八书》以铺政体,《十表》以谱年爵,虽殊古式,而得事序焉。尔其实录无隐之旨,博雅弘辩之才,爱奇反经之尤,条例踳落之失,叔皮论之详矣。 jbngshhn,ynxnqiny,gunsmqinzhc,sshgubn。q《shzh》gif,znxhngl,rybnbn,xnyuywi。zhyzngjngjshngzhdin,dunxfngshnzhgng,yqnrngmizhzu,zhnghuybzhqin,gnglbinzhjiy。gunfzushzhush,fjngjinch,ywnwiyu,rshznnmng。jshqingzhun,rnshqxingryln,shzhzngyn。jxiohuwij,lhushzhng,bnshlj,wijngshsh,hz?poxyli,wiwnndzhy。hnynsuzh,nnwihuf。pnjwchn,fwygu,xunhulunqn,lshwihn:qwizhngshnnji,ymnghoyshny。zhnghngssh,rhutngqing,yunpngrhu,ywilj,miyshny。xnzihngsuwi,rzchngwi,rzkj,hyuyrhuzi? 及班固述汉,因循前业,观司马迁之辞,思实过半。其《十志》该富,赞序弘丽,儒雅彬彬,信有遗味。至于宗经矩圣之典,端绪丰赡之功,遗亲攘美之罪,征贿鬻笔之愆,公理辨之究矣。观夫左氏缀事,附经间出,于文为约,而氏族难明。及史迁各传,人始区详而易览,述者宗焉。及孝惠委机,吕后摄政,班史立纪,违经失实,何则?庖牺以来,未闻女帝者也。汉运所值,难为后法。牝鸡无晨,武王首誓;妇无与国,齐桓著盟;宣后乱秦,吕氏危汉:岂唯政事难假,亦名号宜慎矣。张衡司史,而惑同迁固,元平二后,欲为立纪,谬亦甚矣。寻子弘虽伪,要当孝惠之嗣;孺子诚微,实继平帝之体;二子可纪,何有于二后哉? zhy《huhn》jzhun,fyun《dnggun》。yunzhngsuzh,xuxizhzu,shmishoxn。rusmbiozhxingsh,huqiozhzhndng,zqguny。jwidisnxing,jchunhch。《yngqi》、《wil》zhsh,《jingbio》、《wl》zhli。hujkngnnzhng,hushkuguyo。wichnshu《snzh》,wnzhbinqi,xnzhngbzhyqing,fiwngyy。 至于《后汉》纪传,发源《东观》。袁张所制,偏驳不伦;薛谢之作,疏谬少信。若司马彪之详实,华峤之准当,则其冠也。及魏代三雄,记传互出。《阳秋》、《魏略》之属,《江表》、《吴录》之类。或激抗难征,或疏阔寡要。唯陈寿《三志》,文质辨洽,荀张比之于迁固,非妄誉也。 zhyjndizhsh,xhzhzu。ljzhoshrwibi,wngshoxmrbzhng,gnbosh《j》,snshng《yngqi》,yyujwinng。n《chnqijngzhun》,z《sh》、《hn》yxi,myuzhnde。zhdngcn《jnj》,shltiol。yubiluhnwi,xinzhngynzhu,suxingchunqxu,yyuxndinm。jngull,nidngshzhguyn。 至于晋代之书,系乎著作。陆机肇始而未备,王韶续末而不终,干宝述《纪》,以审正得序;孙盛《阳秋》,以约举为能。按《春秋经传》,举例发凡;自《史》、《汉》以下,莫有准的。至邓粲《晋纪》,始立条例。又摆落汉魏,宪章殷周,虽湘川曲学,亦有心典谟。及安国立例,乃邓氏之规焉。 yunfzijzhzuy,bgunhbish,bizhqinzi,biozhngshngshui,ynjinxngfi,shydizhzh,gngryurchngcn,wngbzhj,bngtindrjid。shyzihnzhch,shzhwishng。jnguwnj,xinjtishzhf,yqxingxytguy。yushsh,qjnku,lib,jincnzh,yqblinyjgy。shlyxunyn,qunjiydu,bfshngyjzng。rnhuqunpngzhozhng,klnbzuy。 原夫载籍之作也,必贯乎百氏,被之千载,表征盛衰,殷鉴兴废,使一代之制,共日月而长存,王霸之迹,并天地而久大。是以在汉之初,史职为盛。郡国文计,先集太史之府,欲其详悉于体国也。阅石室,启金匮,裂帛,检残竹,欲其博练于稽古也。是立义选言,宜依经以树则;劝戒与夺,必附圣以居宗。然后诠评昭整,苛滥不作矣。 rnjchunwish,binninzhush,wnfifnln,nshrsh。suyunztngynnm,shjzqqysh,sgznghuzhwinny。huyutngguysh,rshrnfngng,lingjzshyfzhng,pinjzbngybzhu,cyuqunpizhwiyy。gzhnghngzhishbnzhchunln,fxunj《huhn》zhyufn,jicliy。 然纪传为式,编年缀事,文非泛论,按实而书。岁远则同异难密,事积则起讫易疏,斯固总会之为难也。或有同归一事,而数人分功,两记则失于复重,偏举则病于不周,此又铨配之未易也。故张衡摘史班之舛滥,傅玄讥《后汉》之尤烦,皆此类也。 rufzhushyundi,diyunduwi。gngynggoyn“chunwnyc”,xnkungchng“lyunxingjn”,giwnyzqu,guxnshy。rnsjiiq,mgshl。chunwnrywiqsh,lyunryxingqj。yshqtngjy,chunzobngshu,jishsuw,wshzzhun。clnzhbnyun,rshyunzhjdy。zhyjbintngsh,shtngdugu,sudng、iwic,rshqnglhi。xnrngzhji,zhnbizhsh,sulngdrchmi,chushungxl,hnshbdun,cyutngshzhwng,kwitnxzhy!gshyunzwjiorb,jjnzhuxirc,xljzhng,wisxnh! 若夫追述远代,代远多伪。公羊高云“传闻异辞”,荀况称“录远详近”,盖文疑则阙,贵信史也。然俗皆爱奇,莫顾实理。传闻而欲伟其事,录远而欲详其迹。于是弃同即异,穿凿傍说,旧史所无,我书则传。此讹滥之本源,而述远之巨蠹也。至于记编同时,时同多诡,虽定、哀微辞,而世情利害。勋荣之家,虽庸夫而尽饰;迍败之士,虽令德而嗤埋,吹霜煦露,寒暑笔端,此又同时之枉,可为叹息者也!故述远则诬矫如彼,记近则回邪如此,析理居正,唯素心乎! runiznxinynhu,gnfzhshngzh,jintchngji,shlingshzhzhb,nngfjinyu,qbchy:ruszhk,ywndiyzhnyn。zhyxnfnlngzzhsh,wxnqqzhyo,mngbituqzhx,pnzhushlzhtio,xioqdgng,zzhnglkgun。rnshzhwirn,nimlnydi,fhinizhz,ryngshfizhyu。bngbhdn,mczhlo。qin、gtngy,rldhush。rurnqngshzhng,wnqdizi! 若乃尊贤隐讳,固尼父之圣旨,盖纤瑕不能玷瑾瑜也;奸慝惩戒,实良史之直笔,农夫见莠,其必锄也:若斯之科,亦万代一准焉。至于寻繁领杂之术,务信弃奇之要,明白头讫之序,品酌事例之条,晓其大纲,则众理可贯。然史之为任,乃弥纶一代,负海内之责,而赢是非之尤。秉笔荷担,莫此之劳。迁、固通矣,而历诋后世。若任情失正,文其殆哉! znyu 赞曰 shzhoxunhung,tbizhukng。shlsbin,shnxizng。 史肇轩黄,体备周孔。世历斯编,善恶偕总。 tngbocibin,wnghndng。czngqimng,zhgunndng。 腾褒裁贬,万古魂动。辞宗邱明,直归南董。 延伸阅读:文心雕龙史传原文及翻译、赏析